Description: JC Polyoma Virus is the cause of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML), a severe demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. PML is a particular concern for individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Quantification of JC virus DNA is based upon the real-time PCR amplification and detection of JCV genomic DNA. Reportable range is 50 to 50,000,000 IU/mL (1.70 to 7.70 Log IU/mL).

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Price: $770

• Detects autoimmune muscle disease signs.
• Identifies specific immune system antibodies.
• Helps diagnose muscle inflammation issues.

Includes:

Jo-1 Antibody

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Price: $316

Description: This test quantifies an individual's IgE response to Johnson grass. Allergen-specific serum IgE testing is considered comparable to skin testing and may be preferred in some clinical situations. However, a positive test result only indicates that a patient is sensitized to the allergen of concern. Many IgE-sensitized individuals do not develop any symptoms when exposed to the allergen. A diagnosis of allergy should only be made by a trained medical provider after conducting a thorough clinical evaluation [1].More specific information about this allergen can be found on the following website: https://www.thermofisher.com/phadia/us/en/resources/allergen-encyclopedia.htmlReference 1. Bernstein IL, et al. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2008;100(3 Suppl 3):S1-S148.

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Price: $49

• Detect grass pollen allergy triggers
• Screen for seasonal sneezing causes
• Track allergy sensitivity over time

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Price: $254

Description: The Joubert syndrome 2 test offers molecular detection of one pathogenic variant in the TMEM216 gene, R73L (c.218G>T), which accounts for 99% of Ashkenazi-Jewish Joubert syndrome 2 pathogenic variants.Joubert syndrome 2 is a rare, autosomal recessive condition characterized by the absence or underdevelopment of the cerebellar vermis, an area of the brain that controls balance and coordination, which results in the classic brain imaging change known as a "molar tooth sign".

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Price: $788

Description: This test quantifies an individual's IgE response to June grass (also known as Kentucky blue). Allergen-specific serum IgE testing is considered comparable to skin testing and may be preferred in some clinical situations. However, a positive test result only indicates that a patient is sensitized to the allergen of concern. Many IgE-sensitized individuals do not develop any symptoms when exposed to the allergen. A diagnosis of allergy should only be made by a trained medical provider after conducting a thorough clinical evaluation [1].More specific information about this allergen can be found on the following website: https://www.thermofisher.com/phadia/us/en/resources/allergen-encyclopedia.htmlReference 1. Bernstein IL, et al. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2008;100(3 Suppl 3):S1-S148.

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Price: $49

Description: Mutations in BMPR1A and SMAD4 are associated with Juvenile Polyposis syndrome (JPS). Individuals with JPS, have an increased risk for colorectal cancer (40-50%) and gastric cancer (up to 21%, if multiple polyps are identified in the stomach). The risk for small intestinal cancer and pancreatic cancer is also increased. This test detects pathogenic variants in the BMPR1A and SMAD4 genes.

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Price: $4243

Description: An atypical ratio of kappa to lambda expressing cells, or a non-random distribution of these cells, is indicative of a possible neoplasia of the kappa or lambda expressing cells.

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Price: $593

Description:

The Kappa/Lambda Light Chains, Free with Ratio, Serum test measures the amount of kappa and lambda free light chains (FLCs) in the blood and calculates the kappa to lambda ratio. It is used to assist in the diagnosis of plasma cell disorders, including multiple myeloma, primary amyloidosis, monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS), Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia, and related disorders. It is also used to monitor disease activity and treatment [1].

Kappa and lambda light chains link with heavy chains to form immunoglobulins. In healthy individuals, most serum light chains are bound to heavy chains. However, excess plasma-cell proliferation associated with plasma-cell disorders can cause an excess of circulating FLCs and increase or decrease the K/L ratio [1].

This test is intended for patients clinically suspected of having hematologic disease, based on certain symptoms and medical conditions. These include bone pain, bone fractures, normocytic anemia, kidney disease, and recurrent infections suggestive of an underlying plasma-cell disorder [1].

Note that blood samples that are grossly hemolyzed or lipemic or contain high levels of circulating immune complexes (CICs) should not be tested, because of the unpredictable degree of nonspecific scatter these sample types may generate.

References
1. AACC. Serum free light chains. https://labtestsonline.org/tests/serum-free-light-chains. Accessed September 3, 2019.

Alternative names: Immunoglobulin Free Light Chains

Categories: Allergy blood testing,

Price: $355

Description:

Alternative names: Light Chains

Categories: Allergy blood testing,

Price: $336

Description: Kappa/Lambda Light Chains, Free with Ratio, Urine by turbidimetry provides a sensitive detection and quantitation of free light chains (FLCs) in urine earlier than electrophoresis and immunofixation. Urinary FLCs (uFLCs) are known as Bence-Jones Proteins (BJP). Abnormal levels of FLCs are commonly produced in a constellation of disorders referred as Plasma Cell Dyscrasia producing monoclonal gammopathies (MG), which constitutes neoplastic growth of plasma cell lines that secrete monoclonal proteins, either as intact immunoglobulins, or isolated light chains as in Light Chain Multiple Myeloma (LCMM). Overproduction and extracellular deposition of FLCs can lead to Light Chain Deposition Disease (LCDD) and AL Amyloidosis. Measurement and quantitation of uFLCs continues to be part of diagnosis of Plasma Cell Dyscrasia especially oligo-secretory disease and follow-up care for multiple myeloma and as an early indicator of renal damage. Although Urine protein electrophoresis and immunofixation are predominantly used for the determination of BJP, absolute measurement of uFLCs by antibody-based method provide better accuracy and higher sensitivity for the measurement of uFLCs. International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) recommends, that serum electrophoresis and immunofixation may not be able to detect light-chain aberrations in patients with oligo-secretory disease, such as light-chain MM. Due to their low molecular weight, serum FLCs (sFLCs) are rapidly cleared by the kidneys. In such cases, the monoclonal burden should be measured in a 24 h urine collection or in the serum by an automated sFLCs immunoassay. The latter having a higher sensitivity to detect and quantify the involved free light chains. Renal physiology remains the most important issue concerning the use of urine for monitoring FLCs. Absolute measurement of FLCs in urine and serum show insufficient correlation and cannot be considered interchangeable. There is, however, some evidence that uFLCs may have prognostic value in cases where sFLC results have discordance with the clinical picture and screening patients with suspected AL Amyloidosis.

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Price: $361

• Screen for immune protein imbalances
• Monitor blood cancer treatment progress
• Detect early plasma cell disorders

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Price: $253

• Monitor immune protein level changes
• Track plasma cell condition progress
• Screen for abnormal antibody activity

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Price: $303

Description: Kappa/Lambda Light Chains, Free with Ratio, Urine by turbidimetry provides a sensitive detection and quantitation of free light chains (FLCs) in urine earlier than electrophoresis and immunofixation. Urinary FLCs (uFLCs) are known as Bence-Jones Proteins (BJP). Abnormal levels of FLCs are commonly produced in a constellation of disorders referred as Plasma Cell Dyscrasia producing monoclonal gammopathies (MG), which constitutes neoplastic growth of plasma cell lines that secrete monoclonal proteins, either as intact immunoglobulins, or isolated light chains as in Light Chain Multiple Myeloma (LCMM). Overproduction and extracellular deposition of FLCs can lead to Light Chain Deposition Disease (LCDD) and AL Amyloidosis. Measurement and quantitation of uFLCs continues to be part of diagnosis of Plasma Cell Dyscrasia especially oligo-secretory disease and follow-up care for multiple myeloma and as an early indicator of renal damage. Although Urine protein electrophoresis and immunofixation are predominantly used for the determination of BJP, absolute measurement of uFLCs by antibody-based method provide better accuracy and higher sensitivity for the measurement of uFLCs. International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) recommends, that serum electrophoresis and immunofixation may not be able to detect light-chain aberrations in patients with oligo-secretory disease, such as light-chain MM. Due to their low molecular weight, serum FLCs (sFLCs) are rapidly cleared by the kidneys. In such cases, the monoclonal burden should be measured in a 24 h urine collection or in the serum by an automated sFLCs immunoassay. The latter having a higher sensitivity to detect and quantify the involved free light chains. Renal physiology remains the most important issue concerning the use of urine for monitoring FLCs. Absolute measurement of FLCs in urine and serum show insufficient correlation and cannot be considered interchangeable. There is, however, some evidence that uFLCs may have prognostic value in cases where sFLC results have discordance with the clinical picture and screening patients with suspected AL Amyloidosis.

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Price: $303

Description: The presence of immunoglobulin light chains (kappa or lambda) on the cell surface is characteristic of clonal proliferation most often seen in multiple myeloma or lymphoproliferative disease

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Price: $352

• Track your fat-burning progress easily
• Monitor ketogenic diet effectiveness weekly
• Screen for diabetes-related ketone buildup

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Price: $598

Description: Ki-67 is a tissue marker of anaplastic large cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

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Price: $431

• Assess tumor cell growth rate
• Monitor cancer tissue behavior
• Track changes in tumor samples

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Price: $370

Description: The Kidney Function Profile (Renal Panel) is a comprehensive panel that asseses functional health of the kidneys.
Significant deviations from the normal range may require further evaluation by your physician.

Alternative Names(s):
Renal Function Panel (7)

Includes:
Albumin, BUN/Creatinine Ratio (calculated), Calcium, Carbon Dioxide, Creatinine, Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (calculated), Glucose, Phosphate (as Phosphorus), Potassium, Sodium, Urea Nitrogen

Patient Instructions: Patient should fast for 12 hours preceding collection of specimen. Fasting is defined as no consumption of food or beverage other than water for at least 12 hours before testing.

Categories: Kidney diseases,

Price: $53

Description: This Profile combines two common tests-estimated glomerular filtration rate and urine albumin-creatinine ratio to support early detection of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). This profile supports the National Kidney Foundation initiative to drive adoption of the profile to facilitate appropriate ordering of the elements of the profile to address early detection of (CKD). A NHANES (CDC) study showed that only 8% of people with an eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 knew they had CKD. For those with the same eGFR and a urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) >30 mg/g, only 28% were aware they had CKD. The guidelines are part of the laboratory engagement plan for CKD Intercept, sponsored by the National Kidney Foundation.

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Price: $49

Description: This profile combines guideline-recommended tests and calculations for staging and monitoring Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) [1]. These calculations include estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on serum creatinine (eGFRcr), eGFR based on serum cystatin C (eGFRcys), eGFR based on combined creatinine and cystatin C (eGFRcr-cys), and urine albumin-creatinine ratio (uACR).Renal function is assessed by measuring the rate at which the blood is cleaned of waste. This is called the "glomerular filtration rate" or "GFR". GFR can be estimated by testing for either of two substances produced by the body: creatinine and Cystatin C. The result is called "estimated GFR" or "eGFR". While generally reliable, the accuracy of eGFR calculation can be influenced by certain patient characteristics. Creatinine can be affected by patient muscle mass, dietary intake, and gender. Cystatin C is affected by inflammation, glucocorticoid use, thyroid disorders, obesity, and diabetes. By using both creatinine and Cystatin C, a more accurate eGFR is obtained.uACR is used to assess the amount of protein (albumin) being excreted by the kidneys. Elevated uACR (albuminuria) is indicative of abnormal kidney function. Together, eGFR and uACR are utilized to determine stage of kidney disease, and determine further monitoring, referral, and treatment.For more information about eGFR visit https://www.kidney.org/professionals/kdoqi/gfr_calculatoreGFR(cr) = CKD-EPI Creatinine equation (2021)eGFR(cys) = CKD-EPI Cystatin C equation (2012)eGFR(cr-cys) = CKD-EPI Creatinine-Cystatin C equation (2021)The results of this test should be interpreted in the context of pertinent clinical and family history and physical examination findings.⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Reference1. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD Work Group. KDIGO 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int. 2024;105(4S): S117-S314.

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Price: $365

Description: This profile combines guideline-recommended tests and calculations for staging and monitoring Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) [1]. These calculations include estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on serum creatinine (eGFRcr), eGFR based on serum cystatin C (eGFRcys), eGFR based on combined creatinine and cystatin C (eGFRcr-cys), and urine albumin-creatinine ratio (uACR). Renal function is assessed by measuring the rate at which the blood is cleaned of waste. This is called the "glomerular filtration rate" or "GFR". GFR can be estimated by testing for either of two substances produced by the body: creatinine and Cystatin C. The result is called "estimated GFR" or "eGFR". While generally reliable, the accuracy of eGFR calculation can be influenced by certain patient characteristics. Creatinine can be affected by patient muscle mass, dietary intake, and gender. Cystatin C is affected by inflammation, glucocorticoid use, thyroid disorders, obesity, and diabetes. By using both creatinine and Cystatin C, a more accurate eGFR is obtained. uACR is used to assess the amount of protein (albumin) being excreted by the kidneys. Elevated uACR (albuminuria) is indicative of abnormal kidney function. Together, eGFR and uACR are utilized to determine stage of kidney disease, and determine further monitoring, referral, and treatment. For more information about eGFR visit https://www.kidney.org/professionals/kdoqi/gfr_calculator eGFR(cr) = CKD-EPI Creatinine equation (2021) eGFR(cys) = CKD-EPI Cystatin C equation (2012) eGFR(cr-cys) = CKD-EPI Creatinine-Cystatin C equation (2021) The results of this test should be interpreted in the context of pertinent clinical and family history and physical examination findings. Reference 1. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD Work Group. KDIGO 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int. 2024;105(4S): S117-S314.

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Price: $49

Description: Kingella kingae is an important cause of septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, spondylodiscitis and bacteremia, primarily in children. Because of the urgent nature of acute pediatric septic arthritis and difficulties associated with culturing this fastidious organism, PCR based methods should be helpful in the diagnosis of K. kingae infections.

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Price: $679

Description: Point mutation of the KIT oncogene at codon 816 (D816V) is seen in >90% of systemic mastocytosis (SM) cases. The presence of KIT D816V mutation is one of the minor criteria for diagnosis of SM and mutation testing can assist in diagnosis, particularly in limited specimens. KIT D816 mutations, including D816V, D816H and D816Y, are also the most common KIT mutations seen in the core-binding factor acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In both t(8;21) and inv(16)/t(16;16) AML, cases with KIT D816 mutation are associated with worse outcomes than unmutated cases. This PCR-based DNA pyrosequencing assay sensitively detects the KIT D816V mutation down to 2%. If KIT mutation testing of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) or melanoma is needed, test code 19961 should be used instead, which tests for exons 8, 9, 11, 13 and 17 of the KIT gene by Sanger sequencing.

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Price: $984

Description: Mutations in the KIT oncogene led to increased cell proliferation through activation of the KIT receptor tyrosine kinase. Knowledge of a patient's KIT mutation status can help physicians diagnose SM, a disease characterized by abnormal mast cell proliferation and accumulation in various organs. The KIT D816V mutation is present in more than 90% of patients with SM1; thus, presence of the mutation is one of the World Health Organization's minor criteria for diagnosis [1].Non-mast cell expansions in many SM-associated hematologic malignancies also contain KIT D816V mutations [2]. The frequency of these mutations in a patient sample can be used in conjunction with mast cell counts to diagnose mixed lineage hematopoietic neoplasms [2]. For example, if mutant alleles constitute 60% of KIT alleles in a sample but mast cells constitute only 2% of total cells, then the presence of a non-mast cell neoplasm would be indicated. Furthermore, this result would indicate a clonal relationship between 2 morphologically distinct neoplastic components [2].Knowledge of a patient's KIT D816 mutation status can also help a physician select appropriate SM treatment. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as imatinib have been used for patients with aggressive SM. However, when such patients harbor the KIT D816V mutation, imatinib is not effective and is therefore contraindicated [3].KIT D816 mutations also occur in up to 30% of patients with CBF AML, a subgroup of AML defined by the presence of chromosomal alterations that disrupt CBF genes. CBF AML is normally associated with a favorable outcome, but the detection of KIT mutations in patients with t(18;21) or inv(16)/t(16;16) chromosomal alterations is indicative of a worse prognosis. According to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and European Leukemia Net guidelines, identification of KIT mutations provides prognostic information that can be helpful when selecting CBF AML treatment strategies. [4,5].Because mutated cells comprise only a fraction of cells within a patient sample, a sensitive detection method such as droplet digital PCR is important for reliable mutation testing.References1. Valent, P; Akin, C; and Metcalfe DD (2017) Mastocytosis: 2016 updated WHO classification and novel emerging treatment concepts. Blood 129 (11): 1420-14272. Andreas Reiter, A., George, T; and Gotlib, J (2020) New developments in diagnosis, prognostication, and treatment of advanced systemic mastocytosis. Blood 135 (16): 1365-13763. Mariana Castells. M and Akin C (2021) Finding the right Kit inhibitor for advanced systemic mastocytosis. Nature Medicine 27: 2081-20824. Dohner, H; Wei, A; Applebaum, F et al. (2022) Diagnosis and management of AML in adults: 2022 recommendations from an international expert panel on behalf of the ELN. Blood 140(12): 1345-13775. NCCN Acute Myeloid Leukemia 2024

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Price: $594

Description: This test detects the presence of specific IgE against kiwifruit. A positive test only indicates that a person is sensitized and potentially allergic to this allergen. A diagnosis of allergy requires clinical signs and symptoms that appear to be associated with exposure to the allergen in addition to the detection of markers of IgE sensitization [1].More specific information about this allergen can be found on the following website: https://www.thermofisher.com/phadia/us/en/resources/allergen-encyclopedia.htmlReference1. Bernstein IL, et al. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2008;100(3 Suppl 3):S1-S148.

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Price: $49

Description: This test quantifies the volume of fetal-maternal hemorrhage (FMH). In Rh-positive mothers it is used solely to establish the volume of fetal hemorrhage into the maternal circulation. In Rh negative mothers it is also used to determine if an increased dose of Rh immune globulin (RhlG, anti-D antibody) is necessary. Based on an assumed total maternal circulatory volume of 5,000 mL, the FMH is calculated by multiplying the % Fetal Cells by 50. Please refer to the most current AABB Technical manual for RhlG dosage information. Note: This test is not be ordered for Hemoglobin F Differential Staining.

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Price: $303

Description:

This test is used to determine a person's blood type and Rh factor. Knowing your blood type is important in case you ever need a blood transfusion or organ transplant. A mismatched blood transfusion can result in serious health issues and even death, so it's crucial to have this information on file.

ABO grouping and Rho(D) typing are also crucial for assessing the risk of hemolytic disease in a newborn, which can be fatal if not caught and treated early on. This test can also indicate the need for Rh immune globulin, which can prevent complications during pregnancy if the mother is Rh-negative and her fetus is Rh-positive.

Alternative Name(s):

Type and Group

Blood Type

Includes:

ABO Grouping and Rho(D) Typing

Patient Instructions:

There are no special instructions/requirements for the tests you ordered. No fasting needed.

Categories: Blood and blood diseases,

Price: $40

Description: Recent studies have shown that mutations in KRAS and NRAS exons 2, 3, and 4 have influence on response to anti-EGFR therapy. Testing these genes will aid in selection of patients who will likely respond to anti-EGFR therapy. KRAS, along with others, is a clinically actionable biomarker in NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer) and other tumor types. Currently, in NSCLC the KRAS G12C mutation is prevalent in approximately 13% of patients and represents nearly half (44%) of all KRAS mutations. Investigational agents targeting KRAS G12C are currently in clinical trials.

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Price: $1557

Description: Activating KRAS mutations can be found in human malignancies with an overall frequency of 15-20%, including 25-35% of lung adenocarcinomas, 60-90% of malignant tumors of the pancreas, 30-45% of colorectal carcinomas, and 18-30% of hematopoietic neoplasms of myeloid origin. KRAS proteins have been shown to influence proliferation, differentiation, transformation, and apoptosis by relaying mitogenic and growth signals into the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Mutations leading to an amino acid substitution at positions 12, 13, 61 and 146 of KRAS are the most common in naturally occurring neoplasms. The presence of KRAS mutation in most tumor types is associated with adverse prognosis as well as resistance to receptor tyrosine kinase-directed targeted therapies, including against EGFR. KRAS, along with others, is an emerging biomarkers in NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer) and other tumor types. Currently, in NSCLC the KRAS G12C mutation is prevalent in approximately 13% of patients and represents nearly half (44%) of all KRAS mutations. Investigational agents targeting KRAS G12C are currently in clinical trials.

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Price: $852

• Check your overall health status
• Track wellness changes over time
• Screen for early health warning signs

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Price: $190

Description: Lacosamide is an antiepileptic medication. Monitoring the serum concentration is beneficial to ensure compliance with drug therapy.

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Price: $426

• Check fluid buildup around organs
• Screen for inflammation or infection signs
• Monitor ongoing fluid related conditions

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Price: $294

Description: Lactate dehydrogenase (LD) is present in many different organs and tissues such as liver, heart, muscles, kidney, lungs and blood. The usual designation of isoenzymes is LD-I, LD-II, LD-III, LD-IV and LD-V. LD isoenzymes tissue specificity is derived from the fact that LD subunits are synthesized in well-defined ratios and could be used in investigating unexplained causes of Total LD elevations and detection of macro-LD. Do not use LD isoenzymes to detect myocardial injury.

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Price: $195

• Checks enzyme levels in blood
• Detects tissue damage or disease
• Monitors heart and liver health

Patient Instructions: No fasting needed.

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Price: $217

• Check unexplained muscle fatigue causes
• Screen cellular energy production problems
• Monitor exercise recovery and stamina

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Price: $289

Description: Elevations in serum lactate dehydrogenase occur from myocardial infarction, liver disease, pernicious and megaloblastic anemia, pulmonary emboli, malignancies, and muscular dystrophy.

A significant deviation from the normal range may require further evaluation by your physician. 

Alternative Names(s):
LDH, LD

Includes:
Lactic Acid Dehydrogenase (LD)(LDH), serum.

Patient Instructions: No fasting needed.

Categories: Liver diseases,

Price: $56

Description: Lactic acid is the endproduct of the anaerobic metabolism of glucose. The blood lactic acid concentration is affected by its production in muscle cells and erythrocytes and its rate of metabolism in the liver. During exercise, blood lactate can increase up to ten times of normal levels.

A significant deviation from the normal range may require further evaluation by your physician.

Alternative Names(s): Lactate; Plasma Lactate.

Includes:
Lactate; Plasma Lactate.

Estimated turnaround for results is 5 business days.

Categories: General wellness,

Price: $115

Description: Lactoferrin is a marker for fecal leukocytes and a positive result is an indicator of intestinal inflammation. This elevation may be caused by acute infectious colitis or active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The test may not be appropriate in immunocompromised persons. In addition, this test is not FDA cleared for patients with a history of HIV and/or hepatitis B and C, patients with a history of infectious diarrhea (within 6 months), and patients having had a colostomy and/or ileostomy within 1 month.

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Price: $370

Description: The lactoferrin IBD-scan is a quantitative enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for measuring concentrations of fecal lactoferrin, a marker for leukocytes. An elevated level is an indicator of intestinal inflammation. The test can be used as an in vitro diagnostic aid to distinguish patients with active Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) from those with non-inflammatory irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

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Price: $477

Description: Results may be used to evaluate deficiency of small bowel mucosal lactase, which may be associated with intolerance to lactose, manifested by diarrhea and other symptoms following ingestion of milk.

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Price: $334

• Check immune protein balance levels
• Monitor plasma cell related conditions
• Track unexplained fatigue and bone pain

Categories:

Price: $303

Description: Kappa/Lambda Light Chains, Free with Ratio, Urine by turbidimetry provides a sensitive detection and quantitation of free light chains (FLCs) in urine earlier than electrophoresis and immunofixation. Urinary FLCs (uFLCs) are known as Bence-Jones Proteins (BJP). Abnormal levels of FLCs are commonly produced in a constellation of disorders referred as Plasma Cell Dyscrasia producing monoclonal gammopathies (MG), which constitutes neoplastic growth of plasma cell lines that secrete monoclonal proteins, either as intact immunoglobulins, or isolated light chains as in Light Chain Multiple Myeloma (LCMM). Overproduction and extracellular deposition of FLCs can lead to Light Chain Deposition Disease (LCDD) and AL Amyloidosis. Measurement and quantitation of uFLCs continues to be part of diagnosis of Plasma Cell Dyscrasia especially oligo-secretory disease and follow-up care for multiple myeloma and as an early indicator of renal damage. Although Urine protein electrophoresis and immunofixation are predominantly used for the determination of BJP, absolute measurement of uFLCs by antibody-based method provide better accuracy and higher sensitivity for the measurement of uFLCs. International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) recommends, that serum electrophoresis and immunofixation may not be able to detect light-chain aberrations in patients with oligo-secretory disease, such as light-chain MM. Due to their low molecular weight, serum FLCs (sFLCs) are rapidly cleared by the kidneys. In such cases, the monoclonal burden should be measured in a 24 h urine collection or in the serum by an automated sFLCs immunoassay. The latter having a higher sensitivity to detect and quantify the involved free light chains. Renal physiology remains the most important issue concerning the use of urine for monitoring FLCs. Absolute measurement of FLCs in urine and serum show insufficient correlation and cannot be considered interchangeable. There is, however, some evidence that uFLCs may have prognostic value in cases where sFLC results have discordance with the clinical picture and screening patients with suspected AL Amyloidosis.

Categories:

Price: $303

• Evaluate suspicious tissue for cancer signs
• Detect abnormal immune cell growth patterns
• Screen lymph node or mass findings

Categories:

Price: $290

Description: Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome is a paraneoplastic phenomena associated with small cell lung cancer. There is a decrease of voltage-gated calcium channels on presynaptic nerve terminals due to an auto-antibody reactive with the channels. There is an associated proximal muscle weakness and often coexisting thyroid autoimmune disease and vitiligo.

Categories:

Price: $1727

Description: This test detects the presence of specific IgE against lamb. A positive test only indicates that a person is sensitized and potentially allergic to this allergen. A diagnosis of allergy requires clinical signs and symptoms that appear to be associated with exposure to the allergen in addition to the detection of markers of IgE sensitization [1].More specific information about this allergen can be found on the following website: https://www.thermofisher.com/phadia/us/en/resources/allergen-encyclopedia.htmlReference1. Bernstein IL, et al. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2008;100(3 Suppl 3):S1-S148.

Categories:

Price: $49

Description: This test quantifies an individual's IgE response to lamb's quarters (also known as goosefoot). Allergen-specific serum IgE testing is considered comparable to skin testing and may be preferred in some clinical situations. However, a positive test result only indicates that a patient is sensitized to the allergen of concern. Many IgE-sensitized individuals do not develop any symptoms when exposed to the allergen. A diagnosis of allergy should only be made by a trained medical provider after conducting a thorough clinical evaluation [1].More specific information about this allergen can be found on the following website: https://www.thermofisher.com/phadia/us/en/resources/allergen-encyclopedia.htmlReference 1. Bernstein IL, et al. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2008;100(3 Suppl 3):S1-S148

Categories:

Price: $49

Description: Lamotrigine is an anticonvulsant drug used as adjunctive treatment for refactory partial seizures.

Categories:

Price: $281

Description: This test detects the presence of specific IgE against latex. A positive test only indicates that a person is sensitized and potentially allergic to this allergen. A diagnosis of allergy requires clinical signs and symptoms that appear to be associated with exposure to the allergen in addition to the detection of markers of IgE sensitization [1].More specific information about this allergen can be found on the following website: https://www.thermofisher.com/phadia/us/en/resources/allergen-encyclopedia.htmlReference1. Bernstein IL, et al. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2008;100(3 Suppl 3):S1-S148.

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Price: $49

Description: Elevated urinary lead concentration is indicative of chronic lead toxicity. Urinary lead concentrations may be used to monitor detoxification therapy.

Categories:

Price: $231